Jewelry from Other Cultures

by Judy Larson
Any time I visit a museum, I am drawn to the jewelry exhibits. Ancient South American, Central American, and Mexican jewelry made by the Inca, Toltec, Mayan, and Aztec artisans is stunning. What is more amazing is how it was made using only the most rudimentary of tools. Other cultures and history are a source of endless inspiration.

On my travels, I try to pick up a small charm that reminds me of the history of the area being visited.
MEXICO
The two times I toured Chichen Itza, sterling silver cartouche pendants came home with me.

Each Mayan glyph soldered to the pendants represents a letter.
At an outdoor market outside the entrance to the archaeological site of Palenque, I found hand carved bone pendants - one of the head of King Pacal and the other a stylized version of part of a painting within a building.
At the Uxmal archaeological site, children were selling small pendants featuring brightly painted Mayan glyphs, and I could not resist purchasing a few.
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - MEXICO, General Education, , cartouche pendants
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - MEXICO, General Education, , carved bone heads
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - MEXICO, General Education, , Mayan pendants
BELIZE
Maize was life-giving and the foundation of Mesoamerican civilization.

It was believed that elongating and sloping the head backward from birth to resemble a corncob would bring people closer to their divine rulers and gods.

Head shaping and skull length also indicated social status.

The Maya considered a prominent, hooked nose more beautiful and complementary to the head shape.

If someone didn't have that "Roman" nose shape, they wore removable nose bridges made of clay, plaster, precious gems, or metal.

Side note: Upper-class Mayans also drilled their teeth to insert precious gems.

I found a small baked clay head with the distinctive Mayan "nose bridge" in the gift shop after touring the ruins of Xunantunich.
Pre-Columbian indigenous cultures of Mexico, Central America, and South America valued jade and emeralds even more than gold.

These stones were prized trade goods, symbolizing water and vegetation especially maize shoots.

They held religious significance, representing life and regeneration.

Because of this, a small jade piece was sometimes placed in a person's mouth before burial.

Wealthy elites were highly honored and buried with jade, emeralds, and other precious materials.
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - BELIZE, General Education, , clay pendant
GUATEMALA
Much of the jade used by ancient civilizations from Mexico to northern South America came from mines in Guatemala's Motagua River Valley.

The location of these mines was lost when the Conquistadores arrived.

Guatemalan jade wasn't mined again until Jay Ridinger rediscovered the source 500 years later, in 1975.

On a "learn to surf" trip to Guatemala with some girlfriends, my daughter-in-law found this pendant for me.

It's made with locally sourced jade and set with a sterling silver Mayan glyph representing my birth month.
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - GUATEMALA, General Education, , jade pendant
COLUMBIA
The Muzo mines in Colombia's Andes Mountains produced emeralds for at least 500 years before the Spaniards arrived in the early 1500s.

Considered a divine stone of the gods, emeralds were highly prized by the Mayans, Toltecs, Aztecs, and Incas.

Beyond adornment, emeralds were used in celebrations and religious rites.

Many have been found in pre-Columbian burial mounds.

My daughter-in-law toured the Muzo Emerald Mine and bought an emerald specimen on host rock for me at the gift shop.

I've been slowly filing down the host rock so the specimen sits lower and more level, making it easier to design around.
Since my emerald wasn't ready to use yet, but I had faceted emerald strands on hand, I started brainstorming.

I wanted to combine ancient design with the stones I had, creating something reminiscent of the Mayan glyph shape that drew me in using an emerald as the focal point.

Adding a bit of gold would tie the pieces together with an ancient look.

Using shapes and elements from ancient jewelry and architecture, I made several pendant and earring sets with emeralds set in silver and gold accents.

The pieces in the first photo remind me of the glyphs I bought from children at Uxmal and the silver and jade pendant from my daughter-in-law.

The pieces in the second photo feel more streamlined and Aztec in style.
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - COLUMBIA, General Education, , rough emerald
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - COLUMBIA, General Education, , emerald earrings and pendant
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - COLUMBIA, General Education, , emerald earrings and pendant
The Greek Key-like design on the bottom of the cartouche pendants may find its way into the next "ancient" design.
Judy Larson's Jewelry from Other Cultures - , General Education, , cartouche pendant

Materials

18x13mm Oval Jade Cabochon - Pack of 1
CL-E7-231E
  • Lesson Quantity: 2.00 pieces
  • Purchase Quantity: 2.00 each
  • Price: $3.00
  • Gold Club Price: $2.25
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Emerald Green CZs
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Tools

Basic Soldering Kit
G15-4
  • G15-4
  • Lesson Quantity: 1.00 pieces
  • Purchase Quantity: 1.00 each
  • Price: $58.95
  • Gold Club Price: $44.21
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12x12 Inch Rubber Mat
MAT-500.00
  • MAT-500.00
  • Lesson Quantity: 1.00 pieces
  • Purchase Quantity: 1.00 each
  • Price: $24.95
  • Gold Club Price: $18.71
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WireJewelry Pro-Series Single Barrel Tumbler, Jewelry and Metal Polishing Kit, Includes 1 Pound of Jewelers Mix Shot and 8 Ounces of Shinebrite Burnishing Compound
G25-1-KITSS
  • G25-1-KITSS
  • Lesson Quantity: 1.00 pieces
  • Purchase Quantity: 1.00 each
  • Price: $173.27
  • Gold Club Price: $129.95
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  • Category: General Education
  • Technique(s): General Education